Railway Management System ER Diagram
The railway management system ER diagram shows the relationships of the system’s entities that build its database design. ER diagram describes the logical structure of the system’s database or data storage. It is done by identifying the railway management process entities, their properties, and the interactions between them.
The railway management system database design is sketched out using ER (entity-relationship) diagram. This sketch becomes the actual basis of the system’s data storage that will serve as data destination and source.
ER Diagram for Railway Management System: Details
The table shows the overall description of the ER Diagram for Railway Management System. It has a complete overview of the project’s information.
| Name: | Railway Management System ER Diagram |
| Abstract: | The railway management system ER diagram depicts the relationship between various entities. It can be thought of as a blueprint for your system (project) structure. |
| Diagram: | ER Diagram is also known as Entity Relationship Diagram |
| Tools Used: | Diagraming tools that provide ER diagram symbols. |
| Users: | Train Companies, Passengers, and Crews. |
| Designer: | ITSourceCode.com |
What is Railway Management System?
A user may quickly handle customer information, booking information, and timetable information using the Railway Management System, an internet program. It is the computerized mechanism for making in advance reservations for train seats. It is primarily utilized on lengthy routes.
In both the short- and long-term, railway operators may boost performance and efficiency by putting the right positioning infrastructure in place.
Railway Management System Features
- Railway Management – Railway Management is the main feature of this system wherein the ER diagram contains the basic details needed for managing ticket records and availability. This basic information was composed of railway records, ticket sales, counts, and availabilities. It will also monitor or check about the customers’ info and purchasing or reservation status.
- Customer Management – This feature plays a big role in the system because this gathers and manages the important information of the customer. This information was used to track their transaction and reservation records and other important matters regarding the system to assure that the services were given properly.
- Manage Tickets – The ticket management will be done by the admin to track the number of reserves and remaining available. This will also monitor the count of their customers as well as their revenues.
- Manage Revenues and Record Transactions – Its feature will manage and monitor the revenues and secures every transaction made by the customer. This is also the basis for their income and expenses. Through this, the admin will have the records of transactions and review them for future use.
What is an ER Diagram?
In DBMS, the ER Diagram of railway management system is also known as the system’s database design. It is the graphical depiction of relationships between all the entities involved in the system. Its major components are Entities, Attributes, and Relationships.
To build and troubleshoot relational databases, the railway system ER Diagram is used. It works best with DFD (Data Flow Diagram), which is responsible for data movement. Developing the database design for railway management system would be much easier with the help of ER diagram.
Importance of ER Diagram
The importance of ER diagram for railway management system is to help in modeling its data storage or database. It is the basis of the project’s database foundation for construction. The railway management system entity-relationship diagram (ERD) also aids in defining the data types to be stored such as their attributes and characteristics.
All other real-world projects are presented with ER Diagrams (database designs). To display the details and attributes of a data store, the er diagram for railway management system is used in conjunction with its data flow diagram. It visualizes how data is connected generically.
ERD (Entity-relationship diagram) is utilized in software engineering during the planning phase of software development. It aids in the identification of various system constituents and their interrelationships. Railway Management System ERD is also used as the foundation of the railway system DFD (Dataflow Diagram).
ER Diagram for Railway Reservation
ER Diagram of Railway Management System shows the system entity relationships in each entity and their supposed functions in each relationship.
Based on the image above, the entity-relationship diagram for railway management system tables is composed of the following: admin, customer, train ticket, transaction, transaction type reservation, and reports.
The tables are made to meet the required specification of the system and provide much more specific details of each entity within the system.
Railway Management System Database Design
This railway management system database design was made based on managing railway requirements. The system can encode customer and user information. Only the admin can access the status and information of the transactions and handle data in managing tickets as well as the customer reservation records.
The features included in the system ER diagram were the security and monitoring of the railway management and status and customers’ transactions. These features were also listed and recorded in reports that served as the history of transactions done in the system.
Railway Management System ER Diagram Tables
These tables below provide the complete database table details such as Field Name, Descriptions, data types, and character lengths. Each of these tables represents the characteristics and the attributes of data storage.
The field column presents the names of each database’s attributes, the description column gives the complete thought of each attribute, the type column is their data type and the length is for their character lengths.
Table Name: Customer
| Field | Description | Type | Length |
| stud_ID (PK) | Customer ID | Int | 11 |
| fname | Customer First Name | Varchar | 255 |
| lname | Customer Last Name | Varchar | 255 |
| gender | Customer Gender | Int | 11 |
| age | Customer Age | Int | 11 |
| contact_add | Contact Address | Int | 11 |
| cust_email | Customer Email | Varchar | 255 |
| cust_pass | Customer Password | Varchar | 255 |
Table Name: Admin
| Field | Description | Type | Length |
| admin_ID (PK) | Admin ID | Int | 11 |
| fname | Admin First Name | Varchar | 255 |
| lname | Admin Last Name | Varchar | 255 |
| gender | Admin Gender | Int | 11 |
| age | Admin Age | Int | 11 |
| contact_add | Contact Address | Int | 11 |
| admin_email | Admin Email | Varchar | 255 |
| admin_pass | Admin Password | Varchar | 255 |
Table Name: Train Ticket
| Field | Description | Type | Length |
| ticket_ID (PK) | Ticket ID | Int | 11 |
| ticket_num | Ticket Number | Int | 11 |
| date_avail | Date Available | Date | |
| date_flight | Date of Flight | Date | |
| time_depart | Departure Time | Time | |
| time_land | Landing Time | Time | |
| destination | Destination | Varchar | 30 |
Table Name: Reservation
| Field | Description | Type | Length |
| res_ID (PK) | Reservation ID | Int | 11 |
| cust_ID (FK) | Customer ID | Int | 11 |
| admin_ID (FK) | Admin ID | Int | 11 |
| ticket_ID (FK) | Ticket ID | Int | 11 |
| date_reserve | Date Reservation | Date | |
| date_accom | Date of Accommodation | Date |
Table Name: Transaction
| Field | Description | Type | Length |
| trans_ID (PK) | Transaction ID | Int | 11 |
| trans_name | Transaction Name | Varchar | 30 |
| borrowing_ID (FK) | Subject ID | Int | 11 |
| stud_ID (FK) | Student ID | Int | 11 |
| trans_date | Date of Transaction | Date |
Table Name: Transaction Type
| Field | Description | Type | Length |
| transty_ID (PK) | Transaction Type ID | Int | 11 |
| trans_name | Transaction Type | Varchar | 30 |
Table Name: Reports
| Field | Description | Type | Length |
| report_ID (PK) | Report ID | Int | 11 |
| trans_ID (FK) | Transaction ID | Int | 11 |
| res_ID (FK) | Reservation ID | Int | 11 |
| report_date | Report Date | Date |
The tables given will be the basis for developers on how would they do the railway management system database design. It has the complete description of the database and they will put this into the program or data storage the same as the names given to each of the tables. They will create a database with the attributes given as well as the value of each attribute.
Railway Management System ER Diagram [PDF]
The ER Diagram for Railway Management System in DBMS Pdf provides the information explaining the concepts of the project database. You may apply this information to your capstone project. You can also use it directly or modify its content depending on your project’s requirements.
How to create an Entity-Relationship (ER) Diagram
Time needed: 5 minutes.
Steps in building the ER Diagram for Railway Management System with Cardinality Ratio.
- Step 1: Familiarize the ER Diagram (Entity Relationship Diagram) Symbols and Cardinality
Entity Relationship Diagram – shows the structure of data types in a project. It uses symbols to clarify its parts and relationships. Their symbols and applications must be familiarized before you build the ER Diagram.
ER Diagram Symbols:
• Field – are the parts of a table that define the entity’s characteristics. In the database that the ERD models, attributes are commonly thought of as rows.
• Keys – is a technique to categorize data qualities. It is used to organize ER diagrams and assist users in modeling their databases to ensure that they are efficient. This is also used to connect different tables in a database.
– Primary Key: identifies a single entity instance which means a unique attribute or set of attributes.
– Foreign Key: is produced when data attributes have one too many relationships with other entities.
ER Diagram Cardinalities:
The styling of a line and its termination demonstrates cardinality and ordinality.
The greatest number of times an instance of one thing can be related to instances of another entity is referred to as cardinality.
While Ordinality refers to the fewest number of times a single entity instance can be linked to another. - Step 2: Finalize the entities included
Start designing your ER Diagram by finalizing the entities that must be included in your railway management system. This entity is represented by a rectangle, and you’ll want to leave plenty of room for them in future phases so you may add them to your design.
An entity set is a group of similar entities with shared properties. A table or a table’s attribute is an entity in a database management system. As a result, by depicting relationships between tables and their characteristics, an ER diagram displays the whole logical structure of a database. - Step 3: Add the attributes of each entity
After finalizing the entities, think about the qualities you’ll need to characterize each entity. The details of the various entities outlined in a conceptual ER diagram are supplied as attributes. Characteristics of an entity, a many-to-many relationship, or a one-to-one relationship are all examples of attributes. Multivalued attributes can be assigned to several values.
The entity’s attributes were represented by ovals and can be seen in the tables of the railway management system er diagram. These attributes can be a primary key or a foreign key in the database design of the project. Yoy ER diagram design could also be converted to the database of the system by declaring your right entities and their attributes. - Step 4: Describe the relationships (cardinality) between entities and attributes
To plot relationships between the ERD you will need the entities, their attributes, and relationships. You will base the data structure from the evaluated information to have the exact Entity Relationship Diagram.
A relationship is an association that describes how two entities interact. At the connector’s endpoints, the cardinality is indicated by a crow’s foot. One-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many are the three most common cardinal relationships. It’s the maximum number of times an instance of one entity can be linked to instances of another entity.
Conclusion:
ER (entity-relationship) diagram is only one of the diagrams used to design and develop the Railway Management System. Each of the diagrams you design and create will help you in presenting your ideas and impart your abilities.
Creating the ER diagram will help you perceive the back end of the software which will hold all the data that’ll enter and exit the system. To learn more about the ER Diagrams and more, check out the related and recommended articles below.
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