Introduction
The Python Lambda sorted() function can sort lists in descending or ascending order by default. This lets us create our own sorting orders when we use a lambda function to sort a list.
This article explains how to sort a list using Python’s sorted() function and how to use lambda expressions in Python. It includes examples to help you understand how these concepts work.
What is sorted() function in Python?
This sorted() function sorts a group of data like a list and gives back a new list that has been sorted. This function constructs a new list and sorts it.
Syntax:
list.sorted(iterable, key function, reverse)
What is Lambda in sorted Python?
Lambda functions are anonymous functions in Python that are defined using the lambda keyword. It is primarily used to define anonymous functions that can or cannot accept argument(s) and return the value of the data/expression.
What is key Lambda in Python?
Key is frequently used in functions that take a callable as a parameter, such as sorted() (often the key keyword parameter). You might also provide an existing function in place of lambda, provided it is a callable object.
Both list.sort() and sorted() have a key parameter to specify a function (or other callable) to be called on each list element prior to making comparisons.
Key function
What does sorted() use in Python?
The sorted() function takes a key parameter that specifies a function to generate a sorting key and a reverse parameter that accepts True or False. By default, sorted() function sorts numbers by value and text alphabetically.
How do I sort list using lambda in Python?
You can use the Python Lambda sorted() function to sort a list quickly. This function returns a new list with the entries arranged in ascending order, while the original list remains intact.
Advanced ways to sort with Lambda
The advanced ways to sort with Lambda in Python are the following:
- Sort a list of numerical string data
- Sort a list of tuples
- Sort a list containing another list
- Sort a list of dictionaries
Sort a list of numerical string data
A list of six elements has been defined in the script. The sorted() function is used to sort the list, with lambda as the key parameter. The sorted list is printed with space using the print() function.
list1 = ['64', '55', '2', '1', '21', '99']
new_list1 = sorted(list1, key=lambda x: int(x[0:]))
print("The new and sorted list:", *new_list1, sep=' ')
Output:
The new and sorted list: 1 2 21 55 64 99
If you want to know more about how to print a list in Python, check out our Python Print List with Advanced Examples.
Sort a list of tuples
The code demonstrates three ways of sorting. The first sorted() function sorts the list by each tuple’s first element. The second sorted() function sorts the list by each tuple’s second element. The third sorted() function sorts the list by the third element of each tuple.
tuple1 = [("Apple", 3, 'Python01'), ("Banana", 2, 'Python03'), ("Carrot", 1, 'Python02')]
new_tuple1 = sorted(tuple1, key=lambda x: x[0])
print("Sorted by the first element:",*new_tuple1)
new_tuple2 = sorted(tuple1, key=lambda x: x[1])
print("Sorted by the second element:",*new_tuple2)
new_tuple3 = sorted(tuple1, key=lambda x: x[2])
print("Sorted by the third element:",*new_tuple3)Output:
Sorted by the first element:, ('Apple', 3, 'Python01'), ('Banana', 2, 'Python03'), ('Carrot', 1, 'Python02')
Sorted by the second element:, ('Carrot', 1, 'Python02'), ('Banana', 2, 'Python03'), ('Apple', 3, 'Python01')
Sorted by the third element:, ('Apple', 3, 'Python01'), ('Carrot', 1, 'Python02'), ('Banana', 2, 'Python03')Sort a list containing another list
A blank list stores the values of the sorted list. The nested list is sorted by nested for loops. The outer for loop iterates based on the main list’s inner lists.
The inner for loop iterates each inner list. The lambda function in the inner loop calls sorted() to sort the nested list.
nested1 = [['Apple', 'Carrot', 'Banana'], ['Prince', 'Grace'], ['Dog', 'Cat', 'Bird', 'Ants']]
nested_data = []
for i in range(len(nested1)):
for j in range(len(nested1[i])):
new_nested1 = sorted(nested1[i], key=lambda x:x[0])
nested_data.append(new_nested1)
print("Nested List after Sorting: {}".format(nested_data))
Output:
Nested List after Sorting: [['Apple', 'Banana', 'Carrot'], ['Grace', 'Prince'], ['Ants', 'Bird', 'Cat', 'Dog']]Sort a list of dictionaries
Each dictionary in the list contains three key-value pairs. The code demonstrates four types of sorting: based on the code key, the name key, both code and name keys, and in descending order based on the name key.
dictionary1 = [{"subject": "English", "name": "Grammar", "Score": 99},
{"subject": "Science", "name": "Biology", "Score": 50},
{"subject": "Math", "name": "Calculus", "Score": 120}]
print("Sorting by code:\n", sorted(dictionary1, key=lambda i: i['subject']))
print("Sorting by name:\n", sorted(dictionary1, key=lambda i: (i['name'])))
print("Sorting by code and name:\n", sorted(dictionary1, key=lambda i: (i['subject'], i['name'])))
print("Sorting in descending order by name:\n", sorted(dictionary1, key=lambda i: i['name'], reverse=True))Output:
Sorting by code:
[{'subject': 'English', 'name': 'Grammar', 'Score': 99}, {'subject': 'Math', 'name': 'Calculus', 'Score': 120}, {'subject': 'Science', 'name': 'Biology', 'Score': 50}]
Sorting by name:
[{'subject': 'Science', 'name': 'Biology', 'Score': 50}, {'subject': 'Math', 'name': 'Calculus', 'Score': 120}, {'subject': 'English', 'name': 'Grammar', 'Score': 99}]
Sorting by code and name:
[{'subject': 'English', 'name': 'Grammar', 'Score': 99}, {'subject': 'Math', 'name': 'Calculus', 'Score': 120}, {'subject': 'Science', 'name': 'Biology', 'Score': 50}]
Sorting in descending order by name:
[{'subject': 'English', 'name': 'Grammar', 'Score': 99}, {'subject': 'Math', 'name': 'Calculus', 'Score': 120}, {'subject': 'Science', 'name': 'Biology', 'Score': 50}]Summary
This article provides examples of using lambda to sort four distinct lists. These examples should help Python users understand the purpose of Python lambda Sorted.